diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
index 552118c..c2eb9cd 100644
--- a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -92,39 +92,33 @@ jobs:
           chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_deploy
           ssh-keyscan -T 5 $DEPLOY_HOST >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts 2>/dev/null || true
 
-          echo "=== SSH debug: key=$(wc -c < ~/.ssh/id_deploy) bytes, host=$DEPLOY_HOST ==="
-          ssh -v -i ~/.ssh/id_deploy -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o ConnectTimeout=10 root@$DEPLOY_HOST 'echo SSH_OK' 2>&1 | grep -E 'Authenticated|Permission|connect|SSH_OK|exit' || true
-
           SSH_CMD="ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_deploy -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o ConnectTimeout=10 root@$DEPLOY_HOST"
 
           $SSH_CMD bash -s << 'RESTART'
-          set -e
           DEPLOY_DIR=/devdata/services/kcg/backend
           SYSTEMD_DIR=/etc/systemd/system
 
           # systemd 서비스 파일 갱신
-          CHANGED=0
           if [ -f "$DEPLOY_DIR/kcg-backend.service" ] && ! diff -q "$DEPLOY_DIR/kcg-backend.service" "$SYSTEMD_DIR/kcg-backend.service" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
             cp "$DEPLOY_DIR/kcg-backend.service" "$SYSTEMD_DIR/kcg-backend.service"
-            CHANGED=1
+            systemctl daemon-reload
           fi
-          [ "$CHANGED" = "1" ] && systemctl daemon-reload
 
           # 백엔드 재시작
           echo "--- Restarting kcg-backend ---"
           systemctl restart kcg-backend
 
-          # 기동 확인 (최대 60초, 401=인증필요=정상 기동)
+          # 기동 확인 (최대 60초)
           for i in $(seq 1 60); do
-            HTTP=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' http://localhost:8080/api/aircraft 2>/dev/null)
+            HTTP=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' http://localhost:8080/api/aircraft 2>/dev/null || echo "000")
             if [ "$HTTP" = "200" ] || [ "$HTTP" = "401" ] || [ "$HTTP" = "403" ]; then
               echo "Backend started successfully (${i}s, HTTP $HTTP)"
               exit 0
             fi
             sleep 1
           done
-          echo "WARNING: Startup timeout. Recent logs:"
-          journalctl -u kcg-backend --no-pager -n 20
+          echo "WARNING: Startup timeout"
+          journalctl -u kcg-backend --no-pager -n 10
           exit 1
           RESTART