diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
index 6e0c4af..06fa3e9 100644
--- a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -11,10 +11,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       # ═══ Frontend ═══
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: '24'
-
       - name: Configure npm registry
         run: |
           echo "registry=https://nexus.gc-si.dev/repository/npm-public/" > frontend/.npmrc
@@ -30,15 +26,17 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Deploy frontend
         run: |
-          mkdir -p /deploy/kcg
           rm -rf /deploy/kcg/*
           cp -r frontend/dist/* /deploy/kcg/
+          echo "Frontend deployed at $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')"
 
       # ═══ Backend ═══
       - name: Install JDK 17 + Maven
         run: |
-          sudo apt-get update -qq
-          sudo apt-get install -y -qq openjdk-17-jdk-headless maven
+          apt-get update -qq
+          apt-get install -y -qq openjdk-17-jdk-headless maven > /dev/null 2>&1
+          java -version
+          mvn --version
 
       - name: Build backend
         working-directory: backend
@@ -55,21 +53,7 @@ jobs:
             ls -t $DEPLOY_DIR/backup/*.jar | tail -n +6 | xargs -r rm
           fi
 
-          # 서비스 중지 → JAR 교체 → 서비스 시작
-          sudo systemctl stop kcg-backend || true
+          # JAR 교체 + 재시작 트리거
           cp backend/target/kcg.jar $DEPLOY_DIR/kcg.jar
-          sudo systemctl start kcg-backend
-
-      - name: Health check
-        run: |
-          echo "Waiting for backend to start..."
-          for i in $(seq 1 30); do
-            HTTP_CODE=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://localhost:8080/api/auth/me 2>/dev/null || echo "000")
-            if [ "$HTTP_CODE" != "000" ]; then
-              echo "Backend is up (HTTP $HTTP_CODE, attempt $i)"
-              exit 0
-            fi
-            sleep 2
-          done
-          echo "Backend health check failed after 60s"
-          exit 1
+          date '+%s' > $DEPLOY_DIR/.deploy-trigger
+          echo "Backend deployed at $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')"
diff --git a/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.path b/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.path
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a57f92d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.path
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Watch for KCG Backend deploy trigger
+
+[Path]
+PathModified=/deploy/kcg-backend/.deploy-trigger
+Unit=kcg-backend-watcher.service
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
diff --git a/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.service b/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.service
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c2b17a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/kcg-backend-watcher.service
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Restart KCG Backend on deploy
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/bin/systemctl restart kcg-backend
diff --git a/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.md b/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.md
index 224cb50..b029811 100644
--- a/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.md
+++ b/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.md
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+## [2026-03-17.3]
+
+### 수정
+- CI/CD 워크플로우 전면 재구성: act 컨테이너(node:24) 환경 대응
+- `sudo` 제거, `apt-get`으로 JDK/Maven 직접 설치
+- `systemctl` → `.deploy-trigger` + systemd path unit 패턴 전환
+- act-runner 볼륨 마운트 추가 (`/deploy/kcg`, `/deploy/kcg-backend`)
+
 ## [2026-03-17.2]
 
 ### 수정